Cherry trees are considered capricious and rather frost-resistant fruit crop. The fruit itself is very useful due to the combination of vitamins: C, B1, B2 and B6. The first fruit appears in the 2nd year with a further increase in yield.
The maximum fecundity begins in the 5th year, a large variety of types of culture allows collection, starting from the summer and ending in October. With quality care, depending on the type you choose, the tree can produce up to 40 kg of fruit.
When to plant: optimal timing
Optimum landing time - mid autumn or early spring. When purchasing a sapling closer to November, it is better to plant it already in the spring. The best option is October, the culture has already stopped its growth, and for the month remaining until frost it is able to take root.
Terms are determined individually for each individual case, taking into account the climate conditions and the properties of the varieties. Due to the relatively shallow root system, it is not recommended to plant frost-resistant plants in the autumn season.
The spring planting of resistant varieties in the southern regions can also be a problem. Sudden temperature drops during the day or at night put their immunity at risk. Mid-October is most favorable - negative factors for engraftment are minimal.
Did you know? 20 cherry berries are equal in properties to an aspirin tablet.With a consistently cool temperature, the culture before frost has time to undergo acclimatization, with hilling it will survive the winter. Because of the richer assortment, seedlings are purchased before the cold, keeping them until the spring season. Autumn planting cherries gives the advantage of rapid development of the root system, which accompanies the acceleration of growth.
Choosing a landing site
The right choice of place, taking into account important factors for the successful development of culture, plays a significant role.
Lighting and wind protection
The optimum choice of a site will be the raised, well shined area with no rays of light. Grafted seedlings need carbohydrates formed on the leaves in the process of photosynthesis in the open sun. It is desirable that the rays fall on the tree from morning to afternoon, and ideally - to stay until the evening. To avoid freezing, weathering and drying of pestles of flowers, choose a place protected from cold winds.
Important! In order to avoid early flowering in spring and freezing of flowers, it is necessary to cover a large snow layer of the tree trunk and sprinkle it on top sawdust or ground straw. Thus, the bloom will move away by about a week.Strong wind gusts can cause significant damage to your site. Trees are strongly deformed, especially with constant one-sided gusts, they break (sometimes with a root), and in winter the snow does not accumulate in the near-trunk circle. It blows the wind, leaving no protection from frost. One of the most effective solutions to this problem is This is the creation of barriers from wind-resistant plants. They will change the direction of impulses, while partially passing through themselves, thus significantly reducing their strength.
Soil for cherry
With a slight demanding of the soil, yet light and fertile land is a priority and gives a successful result. The search for a seat is determined by the preference of the crop to moderately wet and fertile lands with no groundwater and marshland, and it is contraindicated to plant in lowlands, ravines. 
Due to the individual characteristics of varieties, before planting, you need to know which conditions for each of them have a positive effect. Wood ash or a large amount of dolomite flour helps in eliminating soil acidity. Limestone flour sprinkled outside pristvolnyh circles with the calculation of 1 kg per 3 sq. M.
To please yourself and loved ones with useful and tasty drugs, it is useful to know how to freeze, dry, preserve cherries, prepare cherry leaves.
Preparation and planting seedlings
We will discuss the planting, which begins with the purchase of cherry seedlings in the fall.
Selection and preparation of planting material
They are bought in special nurseries, and in large farms you can choose ready-made three-year-old seedlings that will delight you next year. It is advisable to choose one- or two-year-old trees with properly formed roots, matured wood and not to forget:
- The older the age, the harder the adaptation will occur.
- Focus on low (70-80 cm) trees.
- The root system must be well expressed, not chopped off.
- The bark is uniformly silky brown with no green patches.
It is better to prepare the plant before the onset of cold weather - put in the prepared groove, prikopat root and stem, leaving only the wrapped tip, pour. Planting will be in the spring, before the buds have managed to blossom - this will be a good start for success.Pit preparation
Planting pits should be prepared in advance, 2-3 weeks before seating. The dimensions of the planting pits are due to the fertility of the land, with infertile soil - the diameter is 80 cm, depth - 50-60 cm. When fertile, especially if it is a favorite black soil, - the diameter will be 60 cm, depth - 40-50 cm.
Landing technology
Lovers who do not really understand the properties of cherries, often face the question - how to plant in the fall.
The principle is standard: we select the upper fertile layer in one direction, the lower one in the other. Next, the top layer is mixed with 1: 1 humus with the addition of a half-liter cans of ash. We make a small mound in the pit, insert a tree, cover it with fertile soil and water it abundantly.
Did you know? The average number of harvested berries from a cherry tree for the year reaches 7,000 pieces.
Then we sprinkle the entire pit to the top with fertile soil so that the root collar remains flush with the ground. We well tamp and mulch with compost or humus. To prevent the wind from swaying the tree, set the peg taking into account the location of the tree on the north side. Once again, sprinkle, pour a bucket of water. In order to avoid freezing before freezing, we roll up to 20-30 cm in height. The optimal distance is 3 m from each other.Schemes for different grades
When choosing a seedling, it should be remembered that they are mostly self-productive. Consider some of the nuances of how to plant a cherry in the fall, using several species. Ovary fruit from a flower occurs as a result of pollen from other pollinating varieties growing nearby on his pistil.
Self-fertile, pollinated by their own pollen in any weather at the time of flowering, is the most reliable option for a consistently rich collection. The key to a successful choice is resistance to frost, disease, and excellent taste. The best varieties for cherry orchard:
- "Morozovka". Differs in sweetness of fruits, ripens in July.
- "Turgenevka". Very hardy. Begins to bear fruit by July, ideal for harvesting.
- "Shpanka". It is unpretentious, resistant to diseases, winter-hardy enough. Berries are large, can not lie long.
- "Zhukovskaya". Late ripening with large berries.
- "Ashinskaya". Self-fertile, very cold-resistant, unpretentious.
- "Vladimirskaya". Sweet, ideal for jam. Ripens in July.
- "Lubskaya". Very productive, frost resistance average. Ripens in July.
- "A meeting". Disease resistant, frost resistant.
- "Generous." Self-fertile, gives great yields, sour taste.
Important! It is very important to consider compatibility with other plants planted nearby. Since any fruit tree or shrub distinguishes its peculiar secret, the discharge can have a negative impact on the neighboring neighbors.Cherries get along well with cherries, grapes, and apple trees. Near should not be black currant.
Good friends can be those that emit neighbor nutrients, do not compete for nutrients and whose roots are located in different planes. It is also important to solve the question, at what distance from each other to plant cherries. The planting scheme is discharged, undersized tree - 2 x 3 m, tall - 3 x 3 m (3 m between the rows and 3 m from each other).Depending on the type of cherry - whether it is a fowl, felt, besseya - there will be different rules for the care of culture.
Further care for seedlings
Cherry trees are loved by many gardeners, at least one, but flaunts on any site. Only in one area it is covered with berries, and on the other - you can hardly collect a handful, the reasons are in the wrong care.
Planting saplings in the fall is not a difficult procedure, especially in our conditions, cherries do not scare droughts and frosts. Even if the tree freezes in winter, it will recover very quickly.
Certainly should be taken care of the culture. Consider the basic steps for proper care:
- Loosening. Produce from the beginning of spring to frosts, before the cold after fertilizers do the digging of the trunk circle to a depth of 15-25 cm.
- Fertilizers. In the fall, apply solid fertilizers in the form of 150-200 g of phosphate and 60-80 g of potassium. Also, before the autumn one, apply organic fertilizer in the form of rotted manure or compost at intervals of 2–3 years.
- Watering. The cherry crop is drought-resistant, but it reacts to watering with increased collection and enlarged fruits. Watering should be abundant, mainly at the time of flowering, ripening of fruits and before the onset of winter.
- Crop. It is necessary to cut off in the spring, removing dry branches and forming the correct crown. Spill the branches carefully gloss over.
- Protection against diseases and pests. The first spraying should be done with the beginning of the growing season, in cool weather after flowering, repeat the procedure. Poison baits prevent rodents and insects from raiding. The most popular sprayers are urea, Bordeaux mixture, DNOC, Nitrofen, iron sulfate.
To get a good result when planting cherries, do not forget about technology, loosen, dig and fertilize. Timely cut, spray and make abundant watering. Then a really good harvest will not take long and will give a lot of positive emotions and impressions.
