Idared apples have gained their popularity due to good yields and their taste.
This is one of the best varieties for the Southern regions, as confirmed by the description and photo of the Idared apple tree.
What kind is it?
Idared apples refer to winter or late winter variety.
The fruits of the apple tree ripen in the first half of October and do not crumble before the onset of frost.
With proper storage, apples of a winter variety are able to preserve their taste qualities for a long time.
The winter varieties of apple trees also include Antonovka Dessert, Golden Delicious, Granny Smith, Starkrimson and Kurnakovsky.
Description variety Idared
The external characteristics of the apple and its fruit will be considered separately.
Mature apple trees have spherical crown. The tree grows up to 6 meters high, it has strong and large main branches, which are located from the trunk up at an angle of 45 degrees.
The bark of the tree is fairly smooth, gray-brown. The leaves are dark green, oblong with a pointed top.
Apple flowers Idared large, pink, collected in corymbose inflorescences. Bloom begin with 3-8 years of lifeIt occurs in April-May.
Apple fruits large, flat-round. They have a greenish-yellow color with a bright red blush, with a waxy coating. The flesh of the fruit is juicy, creamy, dense, its taste is sweet and sour.
Such varieties are able to please you with the magnificent taste of apples: Orlovsky pioneer, Ekranny, Bolshaya Narodnoe, Orlinka and Aromatny.
Breeding history
Sort Idared appeared in 1935 in the USA, in Idaho, thanks to the successful crossing of the variety Wagner and Jonathan.
Being quite resistant to many diseases, this variety quickly gained its popularity. Having been widely distributed in the southern part of Russia, at the end of the 60s the variety began to actively grow in Ukraine.
Natural growth region
In Russia, cultivation of a variety mainly occurs in Krasnodar region. For these purposes, large areas of land have been allocated here.
So where else does Idared grow apple trees? Recommended growing regions are Lower Volga and North Caucasus.
Apple Tree Idared does not tolerate froststherefore its cultivation is recommended. only in warm regionswhere the temperature in winter does not fall below minus 20 degrees Celsius.
If you need a winter-hardy variety, pay attention to the Moscow Late, Veteran, Friendship of Peoples, Oryol Polesye and Kvinti.
Yield
The apple tree begins to bring its harvest from the fifth or sixth year of life.
It is worth noting that harvest is regular. The fruits of this variety are evenly distributed along the entire length of the branches, while no exposure is observed.
On kolchatka to the period of removal of the fruit is saved two to three fruits.
In the years of an abundant harvest, whole branches may appear on the branches. garland of apples, small and tightly assembled.
Idared apples ripen in autumn: end of September - mid-October.
At the same time, the beginning of the consumer period falls on February.
Fruits in storage in the cellar up to half a year may persist in perfect condition.
In storage conditions in the refrigerator, they can persist until the onset of summer.
High yields are demonstrated by the following varieties of apple trees, Pear Winter, Daughter of Melba, Antey, Shtripel and Aloe Vera.
Planting and care
For apple Idared obligatory planting trees pollinators. As a pollinator, any variety that blooms at the same time will do. For example, they can be Red Delicious or Wagner.
Soil preparation for landing begins in a few months. Before planting a tree, you must dig it up, after which loosen up, to overcome the weeds, to fertilize, then dig again.
As fertilizer is best to take peat, sand, turf and dung soil.
Peat practically is not the causative agent of various diseases and has a sufficiently high moisture contentThat is why it should be used as a fertilizer.
Sand is used only mixed with peatto lighten heavy clay soil. Most often take clean river sand. Dragon land called the top layer of soil - fertile soil. It is not recommended to take fresh manure as a fertilizer, it is better to use manure humus.
After a few months begins preparation of a pit for planting. This stage is considered the most important because the pit will be the main source of nutrients for the apple tree.
Diameter landing pit should be around 120 cmand her depth - 60-80 cm. Dig it up about two months before landing the apple tree itself.
This is done so that all the fertilizers with which it is necessary to fill the pit have time to digest, and the pit - to settle.
The best time to land wood is considered autumn, the period from late September to early October. In addition to this, apple trees can be planted in springtime, but no later than mid May.
If planting an apple tree occurs in spring, then seedlings need to be watered for a long timeso that they are well acclimatized and not affected by the heat.
For planting seedlings in the planting hole is a hole. A sapling is installed in it, the root neck of which should be at the same time 3-5 cm above the edge of the pit.
The fact is that if you plant deeperthen a tree can stop growingit will have a poorly formed crown, it will suffer from various diseases. If you plant too high, the plant will be ill endure winter.
Carefully ensure that the roots of the plant are evenly distributed in the pit, then pour the seedling into the ground. During backfilling, shake the seedling from time to time so that the earth is evenly distributed around the roots.
After backfilling the soil around the apple tree, tighten the foot. Be careful not to tear the roots. Now near the plant drove a count, to which binds sapling.
Around the newly planted apple is a hole along the contour of the pit. The seedling is watered with one or two buckets of water to ensure good soil contact with the roots.
For the first year of planting, fertilizers are almost never used. You can sprinkle the earth around the seedling a mixture of land with peat or humusto reduce water evaporation from the pit and prevent soil cracking.
The main thing -timely water tree, remove weeds and loosen the soil.
For first three years the life of an apple tree is brought into the ground nitrogen fertilizers. This is done twice during the year - in spring and autumn. For those seedlings that already have a couple of years, fertilizers are applied to pristvolny circles.
In the autumn The apple tree must be fed with the fertilizer that contains potassium and nitrogen, and also special complex fertilizer (for example, ammophos or nitrophoska). Also recommended splatter saplings with blue vitriolbefore contributing nutrients. This will help protect the trees from possible fruit rot.
Trees feed saltpeter, urea, and ammonium sulphate. The lack of potassium in the soil can have a strong effect on the fruit, namely, what color and size they will be.
Lack of nitrogen affects the state of the roots of the tree. All fertilizers are made after pruning of trees, digging and mulching of the soil. At the beginning of every summer apple tree is fed potassium sulfate and urea.
Any apple tree, and especially if we are talking about small trees, needs watering, and it must be done on time.
Young apple tree is necessary water about 5 times during the period from spring to autumn, three buckets of water. Those trees that grow not the first year, you need to water 3 times.
First watering occurs when the apple tree blossoms, but only if the spring was hot and arid.
Second once a tree is watered during the formation of the ovary and small apples. At this time, the apple tree always requires additional moisture.
Third watering occurs when the fruit grows to medium size.
You can watch a video with tips on how to select and plant fruit trees in the fall.
How to deal with pests?
There are a lot of pests in the apple tree, so the most important thing is to start fighting with them when the very first damage appears.
On the leaves of trees often attacks apple aphid. She begins to lay her eggs in the autumn, and in the spring from them larvae that feed on deciduous juice hatch. To get rid of this pest, you need spray tree with tobacco infusion.
No less dangerous pests are considered sucker. Such a pest can damage the buds of the tree, as well as flower stalks and roots. Lay eggs spend the winter in the transverse folds of the branches, in the base of the kidneys.
In the springtime, when the buds bloom, the larvae begin to hatch, which climb inside the kidneys.
In order to effectively combat apple sucker with the onset of early spring, even before budding, the tree should be sprayed with preparations. nitrafen, olecouprat, kemiphos or karbofos.
To get rid of the larvae in the period when the buds bloom, it is necessary to process the tree. insecticides.
The danger for the apple tree is also red tickwhich is located on the leaves of the tree.
Red ticks lay their eggs on the bark and under the bark of shoots with the onset of cold weather, around the end of summer.
At this particular time it is necessary to fight them: trunk wood wrapped with plastic wrap, the spatula clears the bark along with the eggs.
The mite eggs that remain in the wood cracks will give a new generation of larvae with the onset of spring.
At this point, the trees need to be processed. neoron. To fight during the growing season are used acaricides.
Great danger poses codling moth. First of all, such a pest affects the fruit of the apple.
Moth lays its eggs on tree leaves and apples. To combat it most often used organophosphate insecticides.
Apple sawfly able to hit the ovary of the fruit, with the result that the apples do not have time to ripen, they fall green. Infected trees are treated with special preparations, such as Rogor, chlorophos, karbofos etc.
The first treatment takes place a few days before the apple blossom, in the pink bud phase.
The second treatment, if necessary, is carried out immediately after flowering.
It is not necessary to bypass the attention and such pests as fruit saplings, mining moths, silkworms and haws.
With proper and timely pest control, an apple tree will grow well and will rejoice every year with a rich harvest.
Thus, the variety of apples Idared, bred by American breeders, is not without reason widely used.
The apple tree regularly yields a crop, it has large tasty fruits that can be stored for a long time under the right conditions.
