Poultry breeding is a fairly profitable business. Even if you keep a small herd, just for your needs, you will still have a profit. But any activity in the country is controlled by laws, and in order not to go beyond them, it is necessary to remember the rules established in them.
Order of the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation of 03.04.2006 N 103 "On approval of the veterinary rules for keeping birds on the personal farms of citizens and poultry farms of the open type"
This order sets out the rules that should be followed by citizens holding birds in their yard and citizens breeding birds in large and small farms. If poultry farmers do not follow these rules, they will face serious penalties, and poultry farms may be closed.
Did you know? Poultry farming originated in India about 3000 BC, together with the domestication of chickens.
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Veterinary rules are established to monitor the breeding of birds on private and private farms in order to prevent the spread of avian infections.
All provisions of the law must be executed by individuals (owners of birds) living in Russia, and organizations containing free-range breeds of birds.
General requirements for poultry houses farms
According to the veterinary law, everyone who owns animals and produces livestock products must adhere to zoohygienic and veterinary-sanitary rules, placing, building, exploiting objects in which animals live or are processed, stored, livestock products are sold.
The location, construction, exploitation of the objects in which the birds will live and divorce in the courtyard must take into account such moments:
- buildings for animals should be placed where there is a drain and surface water;
- plot with the farm must be fenced and landscaped;
- if breeding of several species of birds is planned, then for each of them separate premises should be provided in one or several buildings, from which birds can independently enter the yard for walking;
- yard for walking must be isolated. It should be equipped so that any species of feathery has its own piece of the yard;
- the interior of all structures in the compound should be made of easily washable, cleanable and disinfecting materials;
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- floors in poultry houses need to be made durable, with low thermal conductivity, resistant to the products of vital activity of birds and disinfectants. They must also meet all sanitary and hygienic standards;
- poultry houses must be equipped with natural or forced ventilation;
- all actions to prevent livestock disease should be performed;
- in birds on the courtyard should not be nearby in the neighbors of other living beings.
Veterinary poultry housekeeping rules
According to the veterinary law, in buildings where a temporary or permanent stay of animals is planned, it is necessary to create all the conditions for their comfortable existence.
To create a comfortable environment for birds, you need:
- if there is a chance of infection, then a device for disinfecting shoes, with a width of a passage, is installed in front of the door to the house The disinfectant must be constantly changed;
- systematically clean poultry houses from excrement and other rubbish, and wash their roosts, floors, nests, trays, cages, feeders, drinkers and, if necessary, disinfect. Excreta must be disinfected;
Important! Use only dry, not frozen for bedding, without fungi materials.
- if the birds are kept outdoor, the floor should be lined with sawdust, wood shavings, etc. With the change of livestock litter is completely cleaned and cleaned, disinfect the room. When the litter is changed, the floor is cleaned and disinfected (using lime fluff, 0.5 kg per square meter, or special means). Then fresh bedding is poured with a layer of 10-15 cm.
In poultry houses, windows, doors, air vents should be covered with a net so that wild animals do not penetrate.
Other people do not want to visit the premises with a bird. Before entering the house, you need to change into clean clothing.
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Veterinary rules for the maintenance and feeding of poultry in the farmsteads
According to the veterinary law, animal owners must use products that are safe for their health and the environment and that meet animal health standards for feeding their birds.
Young animals should be acquired at specialized enterprises and farms.
Before placing the egg laid by the poultry in the incubator, it should be disinfected. Eggs for incubation stored at + 8-10 ° C and humidity 75-80%. Chicken eggs can be stored for no longer than 6 days, turkeys and ducks - no longer than 8 days, geese - no longer than 10 days. After this period, each next day increases the probability of death of the embryo by 1%.
During the rearing of young stock on the farms, health, behavior, nutrition, and drinking of each individual are controlled. Also monitored the state of plumage. If any abnormalities are noted, then their cause is immediately established and, if necessary, veterinarians are called.
The number of birds in the house per square meter should be as follows:
- egg and meat breeds (young) - 11-12 birds;
- adults (chickens, turkeys, ducks, geese) - 3-4.
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The sizes of feeders, their accessible part for one individual:
- 6-8 cm for adult animals;
- 4-5 cm for young.
Drinkers dimensionsavailable parts for one individual, must be at least 1-3 cm.
Each species of birds must be fed and watered separately.
The norms of temperature, humidity, and concentration of harmful gases in poultry houses are regulated by sanitary rules and regulations. Poultry farmers should keep their livestock exclusively at the compound until migratory waterfowl fly away so that they do not contact with domestic birds.
The next group of young stock should be placed in a special room (heated), pre-cleaned and disinfected.
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Measures for the prevention and elimination of infectious diseases of birds in the farmsteads
According to the veterinary law, everyone who owns animals and produces livestock products must comply with the instructions of veterinarians to carry out preventive actions to combat animal diseases.
As a preventive measure for infectious bird ailments on the farmsteads, in addition to general veterinary and sanitary measures, they vaccinate the livestock, taking into account the epizootic situation of the area.
Owners of birds should provide a bird for inspection at the request of a veterinarian.
At the same request, the owners must report the number of heads in each form contained in the farm.
If there is a suspicion of a disease or its diagnosis in a bird, the measures are taken in accordance with the rules for combating the disease.
Did you know? In Europe, poultry came in the late XVIII century with a massive breeding of chickens.
After reviewing the basic law governing the content of birds in private property, you can properly equip the premises for animals. This will help not only to avoid punishment from regulatory authorities, but also to grow quality products.
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