Organic farming has an impact on traditional, it actively promotes the development of new agricultural techniques, the emergence of environmentally friendly microbiological preparations of a new generation. "Fitosporin-M" refers specifically to such drugs, and instructions for its use and reviews of its effectiveness will help to move away from the use of harmful chemical plant care products.
Did you know? At the end of the twentieth century, past experience of agrotechnology began to be rethought, in particular, organic farming began to develop actively. According to supporters of this trend, deforestation, deep plowing and active introduction, instead of organic, mineral chemical fertilizers, destroyed most of the fertile land. It is necessary not to fight with nature, but simply to direct the natural processes in the right direction. Among the main principles of organic farming are tillage without plowing instead of plowing (flat-cutting tillage), mulching the soil, feeding with green fertilizers on soil dwellers (earthworms, microorganisms, etc.), refusing chemistry in favor of natural methods of protecting plants.
"Fitosporin-M": description of the drug
What is "Fitosporin" and how to use it - every gardener or a gardener should know, because, according to reviews, it is one of the most effective anti-fungal agents in crop production. This drug is used not only for the treatment and prevention of various diseases (blackleg, bacteriosis, rezoktonioza, etc.), but also for presowing treatment of seeds, roots of seedlings, vegetables for their better preservation, etc.
On sale there are various modifications of the drug: the active active ingredient remains the same everywhere, but supplements change depending on the cultures. So, gardeners and gardeners, most often, prefer the universal "Fitosporin-M"; among vegetable growers, the use of "Fitosporin" for tomatoes, potatoes and other vegetables is popular, among fans of indoor plants - "Fitosporina" for flowers.
Fitosporin-M is issued in the form:
- light gray or white powder, packaged in sachets (from 10 g to 300 g). In this form, the preparation can be stored without loss of useful properties for 4 years or more (according to user feedback). Of disadvantages - rather long dissolution in water (it is necessary to soak in advance).
- pastes of thick consistency and dark color (in sealed bags from 10 g to 200 g). It also has a long shelf life. Easily soluble in water;
- liquids (used mainly for indoor plants). This is a ready substrate. Bottled in bottles, bottles and cans (up to 10 liters). It can not be frozen. Impact on plants - lighter and softer.
Did you know? Aqueous solutions of powder and paste "Fitosporin-M" have no smell. The drug in the form of a liquid smells like ammonia (due to the fact that manufacturers add this substance to bottles to stabilize dormant bacteria). When mixing a liquid preparation with water, the smell disappears.
Active ingredient and mechanism of action "Fitosporin-M"
"Fitosporin-M" - this natural biofungicide. The drug "Fitosporin" (as the instruction on its use tells us) contains live spores and cells (2 billion / g) soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis - strain 26D (hay bacillus). 
This type of bacteria tolerates frost, heat and drought well, in case of adverse conditions it easily turns into a spore state..
In addition to the active substance, the composition of "Fitosporin" may include additional - Gumi (made of brown coal and contains nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium), chalk (used as a binder) and others (the corresponding inscriptions on the package will indicate this).
Important! Supplement Gumi is especially useful for the development of the root system. However, in the case of spraying fruits and vegetables, it is desirable to use the drug without this additive.The mechanism of action is simple: when interacting with water, the culture is activated, the bacteria begin to feed. Their metabolic products inhibit the development of pathogenic bacteria and fungal spores. Dangerous microflora is neutralized. Immunity of plants, their resistance to diseases increases. Gumi stimulates plant growth, acts as a fertilizer and immunomodulator.
Instructions for use "Fitosporina-M"
On the back of each package "Fitosporin-M" is a general instruction on the use of the drug.
It will help to orient in the main issues: how and when to process plants, how to plant and in what doses to use the drug.
Processing methods
"Fitosporin" is used for:
- treatment of plants (the effectiveness of the drug often depends on the degree of neglect of the disease and the damage to the plant: in severe cases, it is impossible to do without chemicals, but the initial stages of the disease are completely in the teeth of Fitosporin and it will also accelerate the rehabilitation process at the recovery stage);
- plant disease prevention;
- seed soaking;
- processing cuttings;
- soil preparation before sowing or planting crops.
Particularly noteworthy is the question "How to prepare the drug" Fitosporin - M "for use?”, I.e., how to properly dilute it.
Important! Do not dissolve "Fitosporin-M" in tap water (chlorinated water will kill bacteria). For the solution better suited rainwater, well, boiled or melt water. After dilution of the powder, it is necessary to “sustain” the solution for a couple of hours in order for the bacteria to wake up and intensify. Paste is recommended to part for two-three days before the planned processing. If the mixture is prepared for spraying, then you can add liquid soap at the rate of 1 ml per 10 liters. This will ensure better adhesion of the drug."Fitosporin" in powder is diluted in water at room temperature (in the ratio 1: 2 - this is the so-called "working solution"). Sprinkle with plant or earth powder. - it is useless, because the bacteria are not activated.
Liquid "Fitosporin" for indoor plants and to prepare for planting seeds or bulbs need not be diluted - He is ready to use. The drug in the right doses (drop by drop) is simply added to the water.Did you know? The soil bacteria Bacillus subtilis (the second name "hay bacillus") is very widespread in nature. This culture was described as early as 1835. Bacillus subtilis was actively used in science (they are also called model bacteria). To obtain colonies, the hay was boiled in water and infused for several days. Previously it was thought that hay wand is harmful to humans. Currently, science has proven the opposite - these bacteria are not only safe, but also useful to humans, animals, and plants. They inhibit the development of pathogenic and pathogenic microbes, fungal organisms, etc. Different strains of this culture are used in medicine, veterinary medicine, agriculture, and the food industry (in Japan, the Bacillus natto strain is used to prepare a traditional dish - fermentation of soybeans).
The packaged paste is dissolved in water in a ratio of 1: 2 (200 g of paste are diluted with 400 g of water). The result is a concentrated substrate, which can be added at any time to plant treatment solutions or diluted with water immediately before use.
Many gardeners consider using the powder less economical, as it is easier and more profitable to dilute the Fitosporin-M paste once a season (the resulting substrate retains all its properties for 6 months).
Processing (spraying, irrigation) of plants are carried out in any weather (but it must be taken into account that bacteria of hay bacillus are afraid of the bright sun, and rain can wash off a part of the preparation). Therefore, it is desirable to handle immediately after the rain (or 2-3 hours before it), in the evening or morning sun.
The number of sprays for therapeutic purposes depends on weather conditions. - one spray in 14 days in dry weather and every 7 days - in the rainy season. Watering crops and houseplants at the root of the preparation should be once a month, fruit and berries - twice (1 liter of solution per plant). 
"Fitosporin" is also used in the fall and spring for preventive spraying of all plants. After the application of chemicals in the treatment of plants, the treatment with this preparation is also useful for faster restoration of their microflora.
Dosage of the drug for different cultures
The dosage of the drug consumption depends on the method of treatment, the culture and the intended use.
The solution is prepared by diluting the powder in water. The dosage of the drug is as follows:
- 2-3 tsp per 1 liter of water - preventive spraying of cabbage (two times, after the first and second week after planting), cucumbers (spraying three times a season every two weeks);
- 5 g per 10 liters of water - preparation of greenhouses for planting plants (tillage before planting seedlings and spraying the surface of greenhouses "Fitosporin");
- tablespoon of the drug in 1 liter of water - tomatoes (seedling roots soaked for two hours, water on the third day after transplanting 200 ml under each bush);
- 5 g per 10 liters of water - therapeutic and prophylactic spraying of fruit and berry trees and shrubs (double: when the leaves bloom and the appearance of the ovary);
- 10 g per 0.5 l of water - preplant treatment of flower tubers and bulbs (the norm is 20 kg);
- 1.5 g per 0.1 l - preparation for sowing seeds (soak for two hours);
- 10 g per 5 l - processing roots of seedlings against rot (soak for 2 hours, after planting is completed, pour seedling with the same solution);
- 10 g per 5 l - spraying against fungal diseases of potato leaves (repeated after two weeks);
- 1.5 g per 2 liters (prophylaxis), 1 l (treatment) - spraying indoor plants;
Did you know? Among gardeners, the use of "Fitosporin" for cucumbers is popular. Processing with chemicals negatively affects the quality of the fruit - harmful substances are stored in their tissues for up to a month, toxic chemicals penetrate into the ovary and remain in cucumbers. Fitosporin-M cucumber will help avoid this and add the macronutrients necessary for the development of this vegetable.
Dosage of paste and water:
- 10 drops per 1 liter (for spraying) and fifteen (for watering) potted indoor plants;
- 3 tsp per 10 liters of water - preventive treatment of soil and compost;
- 3 teaspoons per 10 liters of water - spraying in the medical and preventive purposes of garden crops and flowers.
- 4 drops per 200 ml - treatment of cuttings, bulbs, seeds before planting (at least two hours).
Dosage of bottled "Fitosporin":
- 4 drops per 200 ml - preventive spraying of house plants;
- 10 drops per 200 ml - treatment and prevention (watering and spraying) of potted flowering plants;
- 4 tbsp. spoons on 1 l of water - processing before planting potatoes (it is necessary to dip tubers in solution). The dosage is calculated on a bucket of potatoes.
Important! Side effects from overdose are not marked. Many gardeners claim that, as such, an overdose of this drug does not exist (dilute the drug by eye, focusing on the color of the solution). Other plant growers believe that dosages should be observed, and excessive concentration can harm the plants.
"Fitosporin-M": the benefits of biofungicide
Tillage "Fitosporin" (spring and autumn), spraying and watering of street and indoor plants have a positive effect on their condition and yield.
The biological fungicide "Fitosporin-M" performs several important functions:
- protects and treats several diseases at the same time (which distinguishes it from a number of other biofungicides);
- possesses growth regulating activity.
Among the main advantages of the drug stands out:- high environmental friendliness (the product is safe for humans (hazard class 4) and for bees (grade 3). The waiting period is minimal (for example, using Fitosporin on strawberries allows you to eat berries the next day);
- high efficiency of action against pathogens (fungi and bacteria) inside plants, aboveground parts and in the root zone (from 76% to 96% of success);
- the ability to reduce the toxic effects of chemical fertilizers on plants;
- possibility of use throughout the vegetative period of plant development;
- the ability to increase crop yields from 15% to 25% (subject to proper processing of the drug);
- good compatibility with other fungicides (such drugs as "Fundazol", "Vitivax 200", "Decis", etc.).
"Fitosporin-M" does not cause resistance in plants, allows you to increase the shelf life of fruits and fruits (two to three times).
An important factor is the affordable price.
Important! "Fitosporin-M" categorically can not be used in conjunction with preparations on an alkaline basis (fertilizers, growth regulators, etc.).
Despite the fact that Fitosporin-M is used by many plants and its use has undeniable advantages, some precautions need to be made:
- hay bacillus bacteria quickly die in bright sunlight;
- acts less efficiently than chemical fungicides;
- some difficulties arise when dosing (no dispenser);
Precautions when working with the drug
Getting on the mucous membrane, "Fitosporin" causes a slight irritation, a slight burning sensation. Therefore, when carrying out any work with the use of the drug should follow simple safety rules:
- be in rubber (silicone) gloves;
- use a respirator (gauze bandage) and goggles during spraying;
- during work do not eat, drink or smoke;
- in case of contact with the solution or the drug itself on the skin or mucous membranes, they should be immediately rinsed with running water (in case of contact with eyes, rinse them open);
- in case of accidental ingestion of the drug, it is necessary to clear the stomach and drink activated charcoal;
- do not dilute the drug in dishes that are used for food (or its preparation);
- after work with the drug should change and wash with soap all open skin (hands, neck, face).
Storage conditions "Fitosporin-M"
Despite the fact that Fitosporin-M retains its viability in the temperature range from -50 ° C to +40 ° C, it is better to keep it (powder and paste) in a dry room out of reach of children and pets. The optimum storage temperature is from -2 ° C to +30 ° C.
The drug in solution and bottled Fitosporin should be stored at room temperature in a shaded place. Next to the drug storage of medicines, food, animal feed is unacceptable.
Thus, the organic fungicide "Fitosporin-M" is an effective and safe drug. "Fitosporin" in different packaging (powder, paste, liquid) and the attached instructions for use make the drug easy to use. The possibility of using "Fitosporina-M" with other means for complex treatment and care of plants, low prices for the tool make it attractive for all plant lovers.
