Diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms are dangerous because they occur very quickly and their infection occurs at lightning speed. The health and well-being of birds, animals and people depends on the activity of the digestive tract.
As bacteria enter the body, they begin their destructive activities, and the immune system is sometimes powerless before such a struggle. If there is no good nutrition and proper care, then the defenses are weakened, and the disease easily prevails.
When dyspepsia (indigestion) occurs, the birds' stomachs cannot fully accept and assimilate the food they absorb. Often this insidious disease catches the young birds, in which the gastrointestinal tract is difficult to get used to new types of food and is more gentle than the stomachs of adults.
What is dyspepsia in birds?
At the same time, the gastric mucosa is inflamed - if the disease takes on acute forms, or a sluggish toxicosis is observed - if the disease has an unpleasant chronic course.
Dyspepsia from the Greek translates as "a violation of the normal functioning of the stomach."
Since the definition was invented by the ancient Greeks, it can be said that scientists studied this disease for many centuries. After all, not only birds, but animals and people suffer from dyspepsia.
A person who eats the meat of a sick bird risks becoming infected with this disease because the pathogens feel great in the living microflora of many living organisms.
The disease is transmitted from adult birds to their chicks.and also through the contacts of sick birds with healthy, through food, water consumed from common containers.
Pathogens
The normal microflora of the gastrointestinal tract of birds contains bacteria that are natural to their organisms.
They regulate metabolic processes, promote the production of vitamins, synthesize amino acids, have antiallergic effect.
The immune system thanks to them is strong and resistant to infections.
But if streptococci, staphylococci, etc. get into the organism of birds, the situation changes.
Healthy bacteria begin to fight off pathogens, and all the forces of the body are directed to this fight.. If the balance is disturbed in favor of pathogenic microorganisms, the number of harmful bacteria increases rapidly.
Their decay products are the cause of the disease. Metabolism slows down, body temperature rises, as all vital functions are upset.
Causes of development
The causes of dyspepsia can be early management of various types of complementary foods in the bird rationwhich are digested with great difficulty.
These include fatty foods, as well as barley and rye. Water that does not change every day - gradually becomes polluted, and disease-causing bacteria begin to develop in it. Chicks drink water, and harmful microorganisms enter their stomachs.
Also, after a forced fasting, over-feeding of young stock should not be allowed - the load on the stomach can quickly disable it. Besides, genetic abnormalitiesInheritance can also increase the risk of disease.
If vitamins and healthy supplements were not introduced into the diet of adult birds, it is not surprising that the organisms in chicks will be frail and weak. Calcium deficiency, vitamin A and B deficiency provoke the onset of dyspepsia.
We must not forget about the observance of hygienic standards. After all, a dirty room in which there is no ventilation becomes an oasis for the reproduction of viruses.
Symptomatology
The first sign of disease is a lack of appetite in chicks.. They wander sluggishly through the territory, not reacting to strong stimuli. Eyelids fall, necks are pulled out, gait is shaky. Birds have diarrhea.
Discharges have an unpleasant smell, foam, painted in pale yellow-green, brown, whitish-yellow color. Nestlings often defecate, they are apathetic. May increase body temperature.
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Diagnostics
In the diagnosis of the disease, the conditions of chick keeping, nutrition, the clinical picture of the disease, and the results of an autopsy are considered. What bacteria were the causative agent of the disease, you can find out after special laboratory studies.
Dyspepsia occurs in chickens up to one month of life and more often where the owners give the birds food to defective and do not comply with sanitary standards in the room. In order to make an accurate diagnosis, you can make an intradermal allergy test, RSK, RIF, REED, etc.
Treatment
Treatment begins with a change in the diet of birds, which include products that restore the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract.
Effective will be the introduction to the diet of fermented milk products: fresh cottage cheese, yogurt, whey. Water is replaced by solutions and decoctions.
Good in this regard, broths and water, diluted with potassium permanganate, soda, and broths of calendula, chamomile, strong tea, horse sorrel, etc.
Chicks are given antibiotics, sulfonamide group drugs, and others. Biomitsin, tetracycline, syntomycin, and others use no more than 10 mg per one chick per day.
Sulfonamides should preferably be mixed with dry feed up to 40 g per 1000 head per day. Feed must not contain large and coarse particles.
The room must be regularly aired, to bring it in perfect order, sanitized. The temperature regime in it must be brought to the optimum.
Prevention
In order to avoid the occurrence of the disease, need to clean the room regularlyin which the birds live. It is necessary to ensure that the floor is dry and clean, and the room is constantly ventilated.
Birds should get good nutrition., includes all groups of vitamins and contains beneficial trace elements. The water in the tank should be clean and regularly changed. New types of feed should be introduced gradually and in small portions.
Conducting preventive measures will avoid unpleasant disease. After all, the birds get sick at an early age, so their organisms are not yet strong, and their immune system is still not strong enough to fight viruses. Therefore, breeders need to send strength to strengthen and grow small chickens.
