The basis of the creation of all new copies of the domestic collection of grapes is the method of hybridization by crossing.
It is possible to cross two different species, which corresponds to interspecific hybridization, or two different varieties having a species relationship — intraspecific hybridization.
This process is usually subject to a specific goal: to consolidate or obtain new stable qualities that determine the superiority of the plant over the parent pair.
Appearance varieties
Such a name of a new hybrid form of grapes looks like a joke of an amateur gardener, if you do not know the whole background of its appearance. In the city of Kherson, in Ukraine, the editorial board of the local newspaper Dachnik is widely known and popular.
The very name of the publication suggests that its main subscribers and readers are people in love with the garden and the garden on 6 acres of country space.
In 2001, the anniversary date of the newspaper, which made so much effort to popularize viticulture in Ukraine, OV Grape Elite of Zaporozhye unveiled a new hybrid called the Anniversary of the Kherson Summer Resident.
Its direct creator was an employee of the Zaporozhye NIIV - E.A.
In the people, the long name was simplified to the abbreviation YuDH and preserved for identification the selection code - ZT-4-6.
Reference: The resulting hybrid form is still not sufficiently tested in the field to be fully characterized. Recommendations of breeders: to propose YuHD for testing in the northern regions of Belarus.
Description of grapes Anniversary of Kherson Summer Resident
The new hybrid of Ukrainian breeding is more likely to be of strong growth, having a height of bushes with shoots up to 3 meters and is characterized by:
- Early entry into the fruiting period - in the 2nd year;
- Early maturity (an average of 106 days!);
- High productivity of the bush, and, as a result - overload of shoots;
- The effectiveness of young shoots in fruiting - 80%;
- The leaf is large, dark green, five-bladed, with shallow slits and a jagged edge;
- The flowers are small, light green, with stamens folded down, functionally female;
- Brushes weighing up to 600 grams., Slightly loose, elongated, rather conical than cylindrical in shape, on a short comb;
- The berries are oval, when ripening - dark pink, in the northern regions - with a pink tinge; balanced taste - sweet and sour; peel eaten, with a slight touch of prune;
- Acceptable load on the bush to avoid overloading - no more than 45 eyes;
- Appearance is very winning;
- Transportability is average;
- Resistance to all types of fungus - 2 points;
- Resistance to low temperatures is high (up to -26 degrees).
Also, early ripening have: White Miracle, Rizamat, Pink and Tason.
Interesting: Pink grapes and rosé wine have nothing in common. Wine of a pink shade receive as a result of "bloodletting" of juice of black grades of grapes in white.
A photo
Photos of UHD grapes:
Specifications
What is good new hybrid?
- Powerful root system, which can be seen already in seedlings, and has a two-tier structure.
- Excellent compatibility with a large number of popular stocks.
- He feels great on heavy soils: actively grows and bears fruit.
- Well forms on the new shoots of wood, which contributes to yield.
- Resistant to fungal diseases (mildew) - 2 points.
- The defeat of the oidium does not even happen due to the early ripening of the vine.
- It has a high frost resistance (up to -26 degrees).
- Able to fruition as early as 2-3 years, characterized by high yield.
Peculiarity: It has only functionally female flowers, which confuses some gardeners. Is their fear justified?
Kinglet, Ruta and Sofia also have only female flowers.
Pollination
By flower type, grapes are divided into:
- Self-guided (with double flower);
- Cross-pollinated (with a functionally male or female flower).
The flowers of grapes are already small and inconspicuous, in the case of their functionally female nature, have shortened stamens bent down with sterile pollen.
They cannot pollinate themselves; they need a neighborhood of vines with a functionally male flower or bisexual. Good support for UCD in pollination is given by:
- Variety Baklanovsky;
- Variety "Delight";
- Variety "Diana";
- Variety "Dinara";
- Variety "Kishmish Zaporozhye";
- Variety New century 3GTU;
- Sort Timur pink.
The effectiveness of pollination depends entirely on the ambient temperature: it should not be below 17 degrees. Cool weather and substantial humidity nullify the flowering process.
Interesting: Initially, all grapes were with flowers, either male or female. Bisexual flowers formed as a stable feature as a result of long-term artificial selection.
Pedigree UCH
To create a new hybrid form of table grapes with colored berries were taken:
Variety Timur - White table grapes from the VNIIVIV collection. Potapenko. Early variety with a good level of sugar accumulation (up to 22%). Berries in moderately friable clusters - average size. Excellent indicators of frost resistance and resistance to infection with mildew and gray rot.
Variety Delight red - table variety from the same breeding center. Target symptom - large red-colored berries with a pronounced sweetness of taste. The main advantage is resistance to fungus of all kinds and low temperatures.
Along with the color of the berries, the Jubilee of Kherson Summer Resident inherited its peculiarity by the type of flower (functionally female) from the Delight of the Red.
How to improve the yield and quality of fruits?
- Removing growing points 3-5 days before flowering (pinching) reduces the shedding of flowers.
- Pinching stepchildren over the 2-3nd leaf.
- Effective additional pollination up to 3 times during the flowering period (carried out by puffs).
- Embossing of the shoots during the berry-pouring season (leave 10 leaves above the bunch, on the fruitless shoots - up to 18).
- Spraying the leaves for additional feeding: zinc chelate and fertilizer containing boron (2 kg / ha).
- Normalization of inflorescences on the shoot after pollination (1 bunch per escape).
- Seasonal pruning to do 8-12 eyes.
- Comprehensive feeding every 2 years.
- Annual root dressing with potash and nitrogenous fertilizers, add phosphorus before flowering. Boric acid as a dressing increases the sweetness of berries.
Do not neglect the prevention of such common diseases as anthracnose, bacteriosis, chlorosis and rubella.
Important: The berries of this hybrid are damaged by wasps. It is necessary to think about the mesh protection, which at the same time will protect against damage caused by small birds.
The grapes “Anniversary of Kherson summer resident” is attractive with sweet taste and beautiful clusters, which makes it indispensable in your garden.
Romeo, Tayfi and Chocolate are distinguished by the special beauty of grapes to which attention cannot be ignored.
