Grapes "Demeter" interest winegrowers, planning a good harvest in a relatively short time.
It is also an excellent basis for the development of new varieties: many breeders actively use it in their work.
What kind is it?
Beautiful and tasty "Demeter" refers to table grapes.
This hybrid form provides early or medium (depending on care and climate) ripening time. The full development cycle takes on average 120-125 days.
"Demeter" is characterized by large fruit and high yield, but it is quite capricious. So, when grown in open ground, it does not always show itself to be a stable crop, due to which in some cases it is necessary to warm it up additionally (to make a protective canopy, a small greenhouse, etc.).
Large fruits also have the Original, Delight and Merlot.
Grapes "Demeter": description of the variety
This variety is characterized by such external features and structural features:
- Bush. They are medium to high-growth.
Due to the development of a sufficiently large number of shoots capable of fruiting, overloading the bush is not excluded with all the negative consequences, including those associated with the fracture of the vine. To eliminate this risk, thinning of inflorescences and clusters is recommended.
- Vine. It grows in length up to 2-3 m.
It has a high degree of aging (up to 6/7 of the total length of the shoot). The coefficient of fruitfulness - 1.5-2. On average one bush accounts for 80-90% of fruitful shoots. Trimming is recommended.
- Flower. Refers to a functional female type.
However, this does not prevent him to effectively pollinate and tied. On the grape shoots forms, as a rule, 2 inflorescences, in some cases - 3 inflorescences.
- Berry. Fruits at different stages of development have a different color - green or greenish-yellow at an early age, white or yellowish with an amber shade at mature age (especially if the bunch of grapes is under the sun's rays).
As a rule, the berries of this variety are large and very large, reach a size of 30x35 mm and weigh an average of 10-15 g. But with very careful care with an enhanced diet, and depending on the density of the bunch, even larger fruits .
They have an elongated oval shape, in some cases a diamond shape. The fleshy juicy berry has a simple taste with a touch of nutmeg.
- Bunch. Usually clusters of "Demeter" are formed large (up to 40-45 cm) and medium dense, although they are quite sparse, loose.
As a rule, they are characterized by a cylindrical shape, descending on a cone (a paddle cluster).
The average mass of the bunch is 800-1100 g. But experienced farmers, using arched formers with old wood, as well as pruning fruit vines for a length of 14-20 holes, can get clusters weighing up to 2-2.5 kg.
Among the varieties that can bring a rich harvest worth noting is Podarok Magarach, Jubilee of Kherson Summer Resident and Rkatsiteli.
A photo
Photo grapes "Demeter":
From the history of selection
The specified type of grapes was obtained as a result of complex hybridization. The parental (selective) pair of "Demeter" is as follows - (Pleven x Paleri-5) x (Fairy x Arkady).
The variety was bred thanks to the scientific cooperation of Russian and Ukrainian breeders. The work was attended by scientists of the All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking them. Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk) and OV Grape Elite (Ukraine, Zaporozhye).
Other important features
Analyzing this variety, it should be noted its remarkable taste, attractive presentation, high yield and excellent transportability.
Great taste is also demonstrated by Ataman, Velika and Black Raven.
But to achieve good yields of high-quality berries, some steps need to be taken.
In particular, as well as the New Gift of Zaporizhia and Rosemus, this variety requires regular watering. It should be borne in mind that when dry weather changes with abundant rains, massive and severe cracking of fruits may occur.
In order to get a good harvest, you should pay attention to the state of the inflorescences.
The optimum will be to leave no more than one inflorescence for every 2 shoots of medium development and one inflorescence for each highly developed shoot. Infertile and frankly weak shoots are recommended to be removed.
In general, the variety "Demeter" refers to frost-resistant types of grapes (up to -22 ... -24 ° C). However, in the regions of northern viticulture during the entire growing season, the plant must be covered with a thin film.
Shelter is also required for the Kishmish Century, Nadezhda Azos and Valek varieties.
The cuttings of this variety root very well, resulting in the formation of tall and strong seedlings. But it is desirable to support their development by feeding in the form of various potassium phosphate fertilizers.
Diseases and pests
Grapes "Demeter" shows moderate resistance to diseases such as oidium, gray rot, mildew.
- Especially strongly oidium fungus affects the bush and berries in dry hot weather. After appearing on the green parts of the plant, a characteristic ash bloom, the affected leaves dry out quickly, and the berries either remain underdeveloped, or burst and begin to rot.
Eliminate this problem by treatment with colloidal or ground sulfur preparations.
- Almost all parts of a plant can become a target of gray rot. But most of all this infectious disease, which manifests itself in the form of brown spots, "loves" already formed clusters.
The berries are covered with brown bloom, in the taste of fruits and wine made from sick berries, there is a characteristic odor and taste of mold. To avoid destruction of the crop by gray mold, the affected clusters are removed, and the bush itself is sprayed with a 1% solution of potash or baking soda.
- Birds and wasps do moderate damage to Demeter crops.
Do not forget about such common grape diseases as rubella and bacterial cancer, as well as chlorosis, bacteriosis and anthracnose. Details about them you can read in the individual materials of the site and take the necessary measures of protection.
As can be seen from the above, "Demeter" is not the easiest variety. But with careful attitude to herself, she will certainly please us with her taste and juicy freshness.
Video review of grapes "Demeter":
