Chrysanthemum cutting - The most productive and proven method of breeding these colors. When breeding in other ways - by seeds, by dividing a bush - an inevitable loss of quality characteristics of the species occurs.
The cutting chrysanthemums are the strongest and most beautiful, resistant to disease and cold, have a lush crown and bloom profusely. Therefore, the cultivation of chrysanthemum cuttings is preferable - and easier and more reliable.
Did you know? Cutting is a vegetative way of plant breeding.
How to prepare the soil for cuttings
Optimal composition - ground and humus are mixed in one part and two parts of sand. Coarse sand (river) in a 1: 1 ratio with a peat layer of 3-5 cm is poured into the pot.
Or they take in equal parts soddy soil, sand, peat. Or mixed 2: 1: 1 - turf land, leaf and sand. A layer of any earthen mixture - 10-12 cm, coarse sand (river) in the ratio 1: 1 with a peat layer of 3-5 cm is poured on top of it, you can simply sand without peat.
For rooting, perlite is also used with sand, sand with sphagnum moss, sand with peat, sand with vermiculite - 1: 1.
Reproduction of chrysanthemum cuttings at home suggests sterilization prepared soil mix. The soil can be sterilized by calcining in the oven 1-1.5 hours, or hold over steam in a water bath for about four hours.
After that, add one of the preparations to it - “Alirin”, “Fitosporin”, “Baikal M-1”, “Hamair”. This will prevent the development of pathogenic microflora in the soil and at the same time feeds it with useful substances.
Important! For grafting choose healthy, the most overgrown and strong mother-bushes of chrysanthemums.
Spring chrysanthemum cutting
The best time for grafting is spring. The period from March to April - for early varieties of chrysanthemums, from April to May - for middle and late. How to quickly grow chrysanthemums from cuttings for spring planting in the ground? It is not difficult.
When you need to cutting a chrysanthemum
From the middle or end of February, the bush is transferred to a warm room and watered abundantly. You can, but not necessarily, feed the plant with organic fertilizer. Good growth gives ammonium nitrate.
When young shoots appear - approximately, in 8-12 days, they are allowed to grow up to 10-12 cm, and after they are cut to full length.
Important! On a cut twig there should be at least four empty segments - the distances between the leaves, which are called internodes.
How to prepare cuttings
The tops break off or cut off completely, leaving 2-5 leaves on the uterus - this is enough to resume growth. On the cuttings themselves, in order to avoid their rotting, the lower leaves are harvested and the upper leaves are shortened by 1/3 - pinch, if there are small side buds on the shoot, they are also cut off and then planted.
Important! For rooting, leave the strongest and most resilient cuttings at the base. With a soft or hard base, the processes are culled.
Planting cutting in the substrate
Planting soil should be well hydrated. The depth of the hole - no more than 2 cm, the distance between the cuttings - 5-6 cm, if planted on three or four cuttings in the tank. You can put one cutting in a small pot or plastic cup.
How to care for a handle
If it is middle and late varieties and the weather is warm enough, the containers are taken out to the street, to fresh air, but put under a canopy to protect from rain and gusts of wind.
Water moderately and carefully, avoiding neither drying out of the soil nor excess water. After 14-16 days after the rooting of the cuttings, they can be transplanted to a permanent place.
Early varieties, when the yard is still cold enough, covered with a film so that the boxes with the cuttings were under the dome. The free space between the tips of the cuttings and the film is left at least 35 cm.
Water enough to periodically remove the film. The main sign of rooting is the growth and appearance of new leaves. After the appearance of 5-7 new sheets do pinching. The second time shorten the upper leaves when the side shoots reach a length of 9-10 cm.
Did you know? Due to the regular pinching of the shoots as a regrowth forms a neat beautiful bush with good weather resistance.
For 7-10 days before planting "film" cuttings must be hardened. To do this, they are opened and carried out on the veranda or balcony, you can put the open window without drafts, and at night it is better to cover again. Planted them in the ground after the threat of frost has passed.
There is a way to propagate chrysanthemum cuttings without prior germination and rooting in containers. This is another version of the spring cutting of chrysanthemums - directly to the ground.
It is made in late spring in the middle - early May and in June, that is, in case of steady warm weather. Cuttings are cut from over-wintered and already given young shoots of bushes.
To do this, a new sprig of chrysanthemum should grow by 14-15 cm. Cut it to half - about 7-8 cm. They are planted immediately in a high bed, sprinkled with sand and watered.
Cover with a film on top, the air gap between the top of the cutting and the film is at least 50 cm. If the weather is warm, then it is not necessary to cover with polyethylene, if it is cold, cover it.
After 15-18 days after rooting, seedlings can be transplanted to their permanent allotted place.
Important! Chrysanthemums are light-requiring, and it is better to plant them in open, not shaded places. So they will develop and bloom better. With proper placement on the site and care, chrysanthemums can bloom for more than a month.
How to cut a chrysanthemum in summer
Summer cuttings are the simplest, it happens that a branch of chrysanthemum that is simply stuck into the damp earth takes root and gives a new bush.
The best time for grafting
Virtually the entire summer period is suitable for grafting. It is advisable not to take shoots in extreme heat, in bad weather, with a cold snap in the summer.
How to prepare and where to plant the stalk
Young green, not stiffened tops of stems 12-15 cm long, are cut off or broken off a bush. They are planted immediately in shaded (!) place.
Care for the handle
Daily, 2-3 times a day, seedlings are sprayed and watered enough. After 15-21 days stalks finally root and start to grow. After that, they are transferred from the shaded temporary area to the permanent one.
Dig up the roots and, together with a mud ball, transplanted into a new well. Bush grows pretty quickly and has time to bloom in autumn.
Did you know? In their homeland in China, chrysanthemums bring not only aesthetic pleasure, decorating with themselves gardens and flower gardens. The Chinese eat their inflorescences - they make desserts from them, brew tea. Flowers are used in traditional Chinese medicine as a therapeutic agent.
How to cutting a chrysanthemum in the fall
The reproduction of chrysanthemums by cuttings in the autumn is carried out from the queen cell prepared for wintering.
It is done this way: the bloomed bush is cut completely under the root and left in the ground for 14-15 days, keep it even until the first frosts. Then they dig it out and put it in a room with room temperature or in a greenhouse.
How to prepare cuttings plants
A few days later, the scaffolds will begin to appear near the bush. When they grow to 8-10 cm in length, they are separated.
Important! Autumn cuttings of chrysanthemums have a fundamental difference from spring - they do not cut the cuttings, but tear them from the roots.
Planting cutting
Cut off the cuttings are seated in containers or pots and looked after as well as the "spring" cuttings.
How to care for cuttings of chrysanthemum in the fall
If you do not plant rooted cuttings to the middle, maximum to the end (if the weather is warm) in September in open ground, then they are left for the winter indoors. It may not be too damp cellar, warmed veranda or balcony.
In such conditions, they monitor the soil moisture - it should not dry out completely, but it should not be watered abundantly, but only moisturizes it. Grown bushes planted in a permanent ground in the next spring.
How to grow a bouquet of chrysanthemum
If there are already cut flowers in a vase from a bouquet, then how to grow new plants from them? To do this, only green shoots are cut from the branches, shoots 8-10 to 15 cm long do not show signs of stiffness, put into the water and wait 7-12 days until the twigs take root.
Then the branches pinch, remove the bottom sheets and planted in cups or pots. It is better not to plant single seedlings, but immediately to 3-4 in a pot, then after a short time you get a lush, compactly overgrown bush of chrysanthemums.
